Of two different origins.
1) Of Latin origin.
From the masculine name Albus, which was a Roman citizen name.
Alba means “white”, “bright” in Latin.
2) Of Germanic origin.
An Ancient Germanic name that was used as a short form of names that begun with the Germanic element “alf”, which meant “elf”.
Alba also means “dawn” in Italian and Spanish.
Alba is also the Scottish Gaelic name for Scotland. According to Wikipedia, this term was initially recorded as “Αλβίων”, Albíon, in the Greek-Egyptian Ptolemy writings in Greek.
Other forms and variations of the name are: Alva, Albany, Albine, Elba.
Alba is a popular name in Spain, Galicia and Catalonia.